Block #3,153,508

1CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 4/24/2019, 2:19:14 PM · Difficulty 11.3209 · 3,684,530 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5d858974b7ba8fab4d43aaa8fec8518ff43ff69ad7c8506a25bcf6b941c091f9

Height

#3,153,508

Difficulty

11.320866

Transactions

3

Size

1.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b522442

Nonce

941,125,902

Timestamp

4/24/2019, 2:19:14 PM

Confirmations

3,684,530

Merkle Root

4f531f98c1fdd643672341813520ef584b2b3aae3243260b065b91b845798e3e
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.008 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
60085701378161678854…31376830410054860799
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
6.008 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
60085701378161678854…31376830410054860799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.201 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12017140275632335770…62753660820109721599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
2.403 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24034280551264671541…25507321640219443199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
4.806 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
48068561102529343083…51014643280438886399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
9.613 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
96137122205058686166…02029286560877772799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
1.922 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19227424441011737233…04058573121755545599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
3.845 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38454848882023474466…08117146243511091199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
7.690 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
76909697764046948933…16234292487022182399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.538 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15381939552809389786…32468584974044364799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
3.076 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
30763879105618779573…64937169948088729599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
6.152 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
61527758211237559146…29874339896177459199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
12
2^11 × origin − 1
1.230 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12305551642247511829…59748679792354918399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,948,655 XPM·at block #6,838,037 · updates every 60s
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