Block #313,120

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/15/2013, 8:02:35 AM · Difficulty 9.9960 · 6,496,430 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
73cf7b75f2f5a53ccc8a8afeb110caefbba32fd1e683a8cafef20541dc310545

Height

#313,120

Difficulty

9.996027

Transactions

12

Size

4.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fefb99

Nonce

185,692

Timestamp

12/15/2013, 8:02:35 AM

Confirmations

6,496,430

Merkle Root

d7848eef176b123bc257e95be3881efdfbe80674ed9ad115fff4b9dbdcbe8fa3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.813 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
48130026916840567128…81941487900418544911
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.813 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
48130026916840567128…81941487900418544911
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.626 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96260053833681134256…63882975800837089821
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.925 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19252010766736226851…27765951601674179641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.850 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38504021533472453702…55531903203348359281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.700 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77008043066944907405…11063806406696718561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.540 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15401608613388981481…22127612813393437121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.080 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30803217226777962962…44255225626786874241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.160 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
61606434453555925924…88510451253573748481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.232 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12321286890711185184…77020902507147496961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,720,473 XPM·at block #6,809,549 · updates every 60s
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