Block #312,605

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/15/2013, 2:32:22 AM · Difficulty 9.9959 · 6,490,953 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
25e13eed6d4efbd8f4b6306a7be42fee93a2426eb899118a1c87ba5f7782f7ab

Height

#312,605

Difficulty

9.995863

Transactions

16

Size

9.22 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fef0e3

Nonce

40,116

Timestamp

12/15/2013, 2:32:22 AM

Confirmations

6,490,953

Merkle Root

b33fc819ff31ec7f1a75c1a4444115741fb44162559fbce33311c578f1578e19
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.506 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25064500823879001581…91236648978887833601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.506 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25064500823879001581…91236648978887833601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.012 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50129001647758003163…82473297957775667201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.002 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10025800329551600632…64946595915551334401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.005 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20051600659103201265…29893191831102668801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.010 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40103201318206402530…59786383662205337601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.020 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80206402636412805061…19572767324410675201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.604 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16041280527282561012…39145534648821350401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.208 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32082561054565122024…78291069297642700801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.416 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64165122109130244049…56582138595285401601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.283 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12833024421826048809…13164277190570803201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,672,495 XPM·at block #6,803,557 · updates every 60s
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