Block #312,422

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/15/2013, 12:28:03 AM · Difficulty 9.9958 · 6,493,323 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7e74a3283177e7a18e2980166dfc2022b97abac3b5f7f34dc1ef0962cd942de7

Height

#312,422

Difficulty

9.995811

Transactions

25

Size

6.28 KB

Version

2

Bits

09feed77

Nonce

2,172

Timestamp

12/15/2013, 12:28:03 AM

Confirmations

6,493,323

Merkle Root

4b45a933bff03e055b56b6a27fbeba3f74a275973be2b126a93771d553fe9617
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.021 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10213544450783863777…76933796793298397241
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.021 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10213544450783863777…76933796793298397241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.042 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20427088901567727554…53867593586596794481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.085 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40854177803135455108…07735187173193588961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.170 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81708355606270910217…15470374346387177921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.634 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16341671121254182043…30940748692774355841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.268 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32683342242508364087…61881497385548711681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.536 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
65366684485016728174…23762994771097423361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.307 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13073336897003345634…47525989542194846721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.614 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26146673794006691269…95051979084389693441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.229 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
52293347588013382539…90103958168779386881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,690,041 XPM·at block #6,805,744 · updates every 60s
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