Block #312,337

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 11:25:39 PM · Difficulty 9.9958 · 6,489,476 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cefca456e4e0f9c255b82fa25e0437cdd39eb66ab431f2bf15030e8ae0d9eea0

Height

#312,337

Difficulty

9.995787

Transactions

2

Size

2.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09feebe2

Nonce

796

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 11:25:39 PM

Confirmations

6,489,476

Merkle Root

32e160793de722295e0eb6b4a4dfe109a228955104e58b80e908d8a8ec4eac53
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.810 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48104629661087372879…46626952151624488561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.810 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48104629661087372879…46626952151624488561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.620 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
96209259322174745759…93253904303248977121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.924 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19241851864434949151…86507808606497954241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.848 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
38483703728869898303…73015617212995908481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.696 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
76967407457739796607…46031234425991816961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.539 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15393481491547959321…92062468851983633921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.078 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
30786962983095918643…84124937703967267841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.157 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
61573925966191837286…68249875407934535681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.231 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12314785193238367457…36499750815869071361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,658,596 XPM·at block #6,801,812 · updates every 60s
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