Block #311,937

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 7:16:42 PM · Difficulty 9.9956 · 6,484,328 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a93d6ee9a961406e24dbc6c29bd7c630997682d55d9d1699387a78102ffb7247

Height

#311,937

Difficulty

9.995646

Transactions

11

Size

3.39 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fee2a2

Nonce

35,863

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 7:16:42 PM

Confirmations

6,484,328

Merkle Root

707cef6fc8ec2a7ac2598f325d4b6dab79336d3e41eeff32837f0ccf581f903a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.977 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99770889414389738666…03250224902006607039
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
9.977 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99770889414389738666…03250224902006607039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.995 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19954177882877947733…06500449804013214079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.990 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39908355765755895466…13000899608026428159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
7.981 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79816711531511790933…26001799216052856319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.596 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15963342306302358186…52003598432105712639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.192 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31926684612604716373…04007196864211425279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.385 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63853369225209432746…08014393728422850559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.277 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12770673845041886549…16028787456845701119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.554 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25541347690083773098…32057574913691402239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
5.108 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51082695380167546197…64115149827382804479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,614,119 XPM·at block #6,796,264 · updates every 60s
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