Block #311,771

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 5:25:21 PM · Difficulty 9.9956 · 6,492,008 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
05a2e23eba61035d56234c2b6b10b381d11700c224c1d48c8e16055545690761

Height

#311,771

Difficulty

9.995593

Transactions

14

Size

3.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fedf29

Nonce

91,092

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 5:25:21 PM

Confirmations

6,492,008

Merkle Root

1deaeb9a025a04150a37925e36a8da16e2681ad1b7e0467fd3cf051507aa2efe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.070 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20705841060827889670…75098818251694987519
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.070 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20705841060827889670…75098818251694987519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
4.141 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41411682121655779341…50197636503389975039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
8.282 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
82823364243311558683…00395273006779950079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.656 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16564672848662311736…00790546013559900159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
3.312 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33129345697324623473…01581092027119800319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
6.625 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
66258691394649246946…03162184054239600639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.325 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
13251738278929849389…06324368108479201279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.650 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
26503476557859698778…12648736216958402559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
5.300 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53006953115719397557…25297472433916805119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.060 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10601390623143879511…50594944867833610239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,674,271 XPM·at block #6,803,778 · updates every 60s
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