Block #311,761

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 5:18:53 PM · Difficulty 9.9956 · 6,484,306 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
92e879ad2843fde9aa7c6043e4e37f8e17ea8282b6bb36f5ad2aeb63d8b3907c

Height

#311,761

Difficulty

9.995590

Transactions

6

Size

2.74 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fedef9

Nonce

253,942

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 5:18:53 PM

Confirmations

6,484,306

Merkle Root

e7a27f6c25db418d75dbc8eac6a2877ad7bd13fd3c0e244011ad8d1ded5c3cf3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.244 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12440830157453366216…51203193827879601601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.244 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12440830157453366216…51203193827879601601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.488 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24881660314906732433…02406387655759203201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.976 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
49763320629813464867…04812775311518406401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.952 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99526641259626929735…09625550623036812801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.990 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19905328251925385947…19251101246073625601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.981 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39810656503850771894…38502202492147251201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.962 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
79621313007701543788…77004404984294502401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.592 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15924262601540308757…54008809968589004801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.184 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
31848525203080617515…08017619937178009601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,631 XPM·at block #6,796,066 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.