Block #311,750

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 5:05:51 PM · Difficulty 9.9956 · 6,482,834 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
92465665e38eb72e87a597ab61c15b1600e3b707f7d5bdaf496d06f4e80a093e

Height

#311,750

Difficulty

9.995585

Transactions

8

Size

3.93 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fedeaa

Nonce

20,559

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 5:05:51 PM

Confirmations

6,482,834

Merkle Root

c60a5c5be441084e676a5722c50c92802bd18412d444c40e67a1c92dc9169a61
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.462 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
84628792677242075513…48690669520062650401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.462 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
84628792677242075513…48690669520062650401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.692 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
16925758535448415102…97381339040125300801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.385 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
33851517070896830205…94762678080250601601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.770 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
67703034141793660410…89525356160501203201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.354 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13540606828358732082…79050712321002406401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.708 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27081213656717464164…58101424642004812801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.416 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54162427313434928328…16202849284009625601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.083 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10832485462686985665…32405698568019251201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.166 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21664970925373971331…64811397136038502401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.332 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43329941850747942662…29622794272077004801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,600,719 XPM·at block #6,794,583 · updates every 60s
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