Block #311,110

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 10:05:34 AM · Difficulty 9.9954 · 6,499,158 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f60de451230b6109bfe6be9ae8ae93850cedd9b25da4f522b5d9f32c3252985a

Height

#311,110

Difficulty

9.995372

Transactions

6

Size

3.40 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fed0b6

Nonce

134,246

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 10:05:34 AM

Confirmations

6,499,158

Merkle Root

66f672bf3bc243639ba5f32a3b1bc1398e8a3767c8c4e131c1679045c614ea7e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.882 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
48822731240808378370…39939345901996815209
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
4.882 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
48822731240808378370…39939345901996815209
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
9.764 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
97645462481616756741…79878691803993630419
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.952 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
19529092496323351348…59757383607987260839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
3.905 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
39058184992646702696…19514767215974521679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
7.811 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
78116369985293405392…39029534431949043359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
1.562 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
15623273997058681078…78059068863898086719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
3.124 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
31246547994117362157…56118137727796173439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
6.249 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
62493095988234724314…12236275455592346879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.249 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12498619197646944862…24472550911184693759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
2.499 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24997238395293889725…48945101822369387519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,726,218 XPM·at block #6,810,267 · updates every 60s
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