Block #310,348

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/14/2013, 12:55:10 AM · Difficulty 9.9951 · 6,500,756 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a8b6e4d5dc99b85e32eb591b10b2678a41fd6afb2f4ebd86589da9b2bde2b321

Height

#310,348

Difficulty

9.995149

Transactions

10

Size

2.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fec21c

Nonce

6,105

Timestamp

12/14/2013, 12:55:10 AM

Confirmations

6,500,756

Merkle Root

51a376edfffeed4eff4bd90f45120180ad10a4b6731e79e23e1914e84f8f19d7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.128 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81285875288110984535…73363510290730707201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.128 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81285875288110984535…73363510290730707201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.625 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16257175057622196907…46727020581461414401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.251 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
32514350115244393814…93454041162922828801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.502 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
65028700230488787628…86908082325845657601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.300 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13005740046097757525…73816164651691315201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.601 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26011480092195515051…47632329303382630401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.202 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
52022960184391030102…95264658606765260801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.040 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10404592036878206020…90529317213530521601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.080 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20809184073756412041…81058634427061043201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,732,939 XPM·at block #6,811,103 · updates every 60s
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