Block #309,446

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/13/2013, 2:53:50 PM · Difficulty 9.9948 · 6,489,729 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c63bb518894335be0a421103ae9111ceb2523598878419e0055dc375c50d13d5

Height

#309,446

Difficulty

9.994823

Transactions

23

Size

5.48 KB

Version

2

Bits

09feacba

Nonce

60,568

Timestamp

12/13/2013, 2:53:50 PM

Confirmations

6,489,729

Merkle Root

aa4863de2334b6ce2a8bec861136204896913aed01aba1355dc2bf810ab2e5d2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.514 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
35146530260804297949…69605541151032636001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.514 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
35146530260804297949…69605541151032636001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.029 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
70293060521608595898…39211082302065272001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.405 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14058612104321719179…78422164604130544001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.811 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28117224208643438359…56844329208261088001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.623 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56234448417286876718…13688658416522176001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.124 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11246889683457375343…27377316833044352001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.249 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22493779366914750687…54754633666088704001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.498 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44987558733829501374…09509267332177408001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.997 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
89975117467659002749…19018534664354816001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.799 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17995023493531800549…38037069328709632001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,637,436 XPM·at block #6,799,174 · updates every 60s
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