Block #309,293

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/13/2013, 12:59:31 PM · Difficulty 9.9948 · 6,499,828 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
118bace0e20d921818af1c3823136e547d8a8b18b772669b95d68aa43686815a

Height

#309,293

Difficulty

9.994780

Transactions

1

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fea9ee

Nonce

180,008

Timestamp

12/13/2013, 12:59:31 PM

Confirmations

6,499,828

Merkle Root

a0775a7bfd3042f88cc4a00b3278c62fcfc5b530aca06c2056b14a56ea0e271c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.143 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21431023125923918021…16025653790768332801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.143 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21431023125923918021…16025653790768332801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42862046251847836042…32051307581536665601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.572 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
85724092503695672085…64102615163073331201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17144818500739134417…28205230326146662401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.428 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34289637001478268834…56410460652293324801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.857 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68579274002956537668…12820921304586649601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13715854800591307533…25641842609173299201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.743 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27431709601182615067…51283685218346598401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.486 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
54863419202365230135…02567370436693196801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.097 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10972683840473046027…05134740873386393601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,717,026 XPM·at block #6,809,120 · updates every 60s
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