Block #308,221

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/13/2013, 12:01:06 AM · Difficulty 9.9944 · 6,509,020 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5f67aa274618470dee1fc87538e319c47e43cbf2bab8bce8b1758d09fc090510

Height

#308,221

Difficulty

9.994436

Transactions

27

Size

7.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe9357

Nonce

164,475

Timestamp

12/13/2013, 12:01:06 AM

Confirmations

6,509,020

Merkle Root

d271fb32632a29109d9ee7eb75894a7d0f42ab624484dfb7dca3fb6d0ad9269d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.759 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47594433806612663600…60672174250359864321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.759 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47594433806612663600…60672174250359864321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.518 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
95188867613225327200…21344348500719728641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.903 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19037773522645065440…42688697001439457281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.807 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
38075547045290130880…85377394002878914561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.615 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76151094090580261760…70754788005757829121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.523 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15230218818116052352…41509576011515658241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.046 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30460437636232104704…83019152023031316481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.092 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60920875272464209408…66038304046062632961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.218 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12184175054492841881…32076608092125265921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,781,960 XPM·at block #6,817,240 · updates every 60s
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