Block #306,842

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/12/2013, 6:50:50 AM · Difficulty 9.9940 · 6,501,246 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3f0c87538aa88ce42d072ad651226fada85ebdbd035ad7effd576eb9885354ee

Height

#306,842

Difficulty

9.993988

Transactions

23

Size

6.98 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe75f7

Nonce

49,609

Timestamp

12/12/2013, 6:50:50 AM

Confirmations

6,501,246

Merkle Root

f5d1abd4bdaedb9ae6a8bc02f2d30cab00937cc21e2888b191c7a7d68b3c90b8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.956 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79563097898578714096…97764413221075519999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.956 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79563097898578714096…97764413221075519999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.956 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79563097898578714096…97764413221075520001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.591 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15912619579715742819…95528826442151039999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.591 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15912619579715742819…95528826442151040001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.182 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31825239159431485638…91057652884302079999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.182 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31825239159431485638…91057652884302080001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.365 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63650478318862971277…82115305768604159999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.365 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63650478318862971277…82115305768604160001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.273 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12730095663772594255…64230611537208319999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,708,749 XPM·at block #6,808,087 · updates every 60s
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