Block #306,791

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/12/2013, 6:04:51 AM · Difficulty 9.9940 · 6,500,123 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
feb348ec66fe0a76365362551f33703e6e710f78076342fe9ae98ba6d0d4cb6f

Height

#306,791

Difficulty

9.993980

Transactions

11

Size

2.95 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe7574

Nonce

57,703

Timestamp

12/12/2013, 6:04:51 AM

Confirmations

6,500,123

Merkle Root

370aeddcd90a64300a269509ae12fdec1131a2b7e9502ee98c3c9f1c8b3bbd62
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.093 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10935382879817161180…99673244277571681279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.093 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10935382879817161180…99673244277571681279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.093 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10935382879817161180…99673244277571681281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.187 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
21870765759634322361…99346488555143362559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.187 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
21870765759634322361…99346488555143362561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.374 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43741531519268644723…98692977110286725119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.374 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43741531519268644723…98692977110286725121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.748 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
87483063038537289446…97385954220573450239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.748 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
87483063038537289446…97385954220573450241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.749 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17496612607707457889…94771908441146900479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.749 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17496612607707457889…94771908441146900481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,699,416 XPM·at block #6,806,913 · updates every 60s
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