Block #306,675

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/12/2013, 4:31:40 AM · Difficulty 9.9940 · 6,507,541 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
36d83ce0a6897e05783daa346ea726080c1df5f3f0e0e618754b9a8caa7a8446

Height

#306,675

Difficulty

9.993950

Transactions

11

Size

2.95 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe7386

Nonce

248,951

Timestamp

12/12/2013, 4:31:40 AM

Confirmations

6,507,541

Merkle Root

aa6328177d9829eaf0c77e40b78dfe2645358f949914619e1e8955d872a2c42e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.690 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96906656209557530552…75235329419913329919
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.690 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96906656209557530552…75235329419913329919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.690 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96906656209557530552…75235329419913329921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.938 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19381331241911506110…50470658839826659839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.938 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19381331241911506110…50470658839826659841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.876 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38762662483823012220…00941317679653319679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.876 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38762662483823012220…00941317679653319681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.752 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77525324967646024441…01882635359306639359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.752 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77525324967646024441…01882635359306639361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.550 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15505064993529204888…03765270718613278719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.550 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15505064993529204888…03765270718613278721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,757,796 XPM·at block #6,814,215 · updates every 60s
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