Block #306,671

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/12/2013, 4:27:37 AM · Difficulty 9.9939 · 6,497,523 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6526b58354540427145ce9413d291c1be15d1ca172f0b321593a8dd05eddc477

Height

#306,671

Difficulty

9.993948

Transactions

9

Size

1.96 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe7368

Nonce

88,166

Timestamp

12/12/2013, 4:27:37 AM

Confirmations

6,497,523

Merkle Root

d10b5b210cacbf974e62dbd1eb49e3c48aef63db0726d7d25b0ea3b8a8d3971e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.828 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28288503391936030240…37907886536616350799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.828 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28288503391936030240…37907886536616350799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.828 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28288503391936030240…37907886536616350801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.657 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56577006783872060480…75815773073232701599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.657 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56577006783872060480…75815773073232701601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.131 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11315401356774412096…51631546146465403199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11315401356774412096…51631546146465403201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.263 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22630802713548824192…03263092292930806399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.263 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22630802713548824192…03263092292930806401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.526 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
45261605427097648384…06526184585861612799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.526 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
45261605427097648384…06526184585861612801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,677,606 XPM·at block #6,804,193 · updates every 60s
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