Block #305,624

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/11/2013, 2:45:32 PM · Difficulty 9.9936 · 6,502,629 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
2f54eeb2d51f19f4be62e18a4adcf37a4ff6d95e66ff4db816d8be0d869a1b72

Height

#305,624

Difficulty

9.993633

Transactions

53

Size

121.24 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe5ec1

Nonce

34,108

Timestamp

12/11/2013, 2:45:32 PM

Confirmations

6,502,629

Merkle Root

01436260125b4337c3f7becc722d619985782cd5456775db8042c0340d2c17e8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.585 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25856215455086521978…20103587870452004719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.585 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25856215455086521978…20103587870452004719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.585 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25856215455086521978…20103587870452004721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.171 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
51712430910173043957…40207175740904009439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.171 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
51712430910173043957…40207175740904009441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.034 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10342486182034608791…80414351481808018879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.034 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10342486182034608791…80414351481808018881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.068 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
20684972364069217583…60828702963616037759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.068 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
20684972364069217583…60828702963616037761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.136 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
41369944728138435166…21657405927232075519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.136 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
41369944728138435166…21657405927232075521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,710,070 XPM·at block #6,808,252 · updates every 60s
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