Block #3,051,217

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/13/2019, 2:04:24 PM · Difficulty 10.9961 · 3,787,060 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a7966d593c8d33d05404109f382b68fe6aada269b3abaaeb63aa04d22cf6cf6f

Height

#3,051,217

Difficulty

10.996087

Transactions

29

Size

11.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afeff8c

Nonce

1,649,633,789

Timestamp

2/13/2019, 2:04:24 PM

Confirmations

3,787,060

Merkle Root

d87dca21273583a3bb14e7ad63ac765012b982847bc0d25988d2ff211a11ebfd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.918 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29189689186846764638…23983236491738077921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.918 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29189689186846764638…23983236491738077921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.837 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58379378373693529276…47966472983476155841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.167 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11675875674738705855…95932945966952311681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.335 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23351751349477411710…91865891933904623361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.670 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
46703502698954823420…83731783867809246721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.340 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
93407005397909646841…67463567735618493441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.868 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18681401079581929368…34927135471236986881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.736 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37362802159163858736…69854270942473973761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.472 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
74725604318327717473…39708541884947947521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.494 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14945120863665543494…79417083769895895041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
2.989 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
29890241727331086989…58834167539791790081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,950,496 XPM·at block #6,838,276 · updates every 60s
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