Block #304,280

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/10/2013, 8:31:23 PM · Difficulty 9.9933 · 6,511,845 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
040e49e4059b47ae184121a5f487d5c62781da3571fdda21cc06c7358c44e8ca

Height

#304,280

Difficulty

9.993267

Transactions

12

Size

3.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe46be

Nonce

4,143

Timestamp

12/10/2013, 8:31:23 PM

Confirmations

6,511,845

Merkle Root

c2aa08eb0cc632bda9f604559fc3bbc59ca2a0f583bb3babdda15acb44bd412c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.837 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38379064560185740487…48516589277408681599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.837 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38379064560185740487…48516589277408681599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.837 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38379064560185740487…48516589277408681601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.675 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
76758129120371480974…97033178554817363199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.675 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
76758129120371480974…97033178554817363201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.535 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15351625824074296194…94066357109634726399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.535 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15351625824074296194…94066357109634726401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.070 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30703251648148592389…88132714219269452799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.070 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30703251648148592389…88132714219269452801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.140 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
61406503296297184779…76265428438538905599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.140 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
61406503296297184779…76265428438538905601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,773,125 XPM·at block #6,816,124 · updates every 60s
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