Block #303,926

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/10/2013, 3:38:55 PM · Difficulty 9.9932 · 6,490,520 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
dac695b8b8d66fb2f19be60d1332b575a5d55a9ba99682c07acbd5514f630876

Height

#303,926

Difficulty

9.993177

Transactions

16

Size

5.82 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe40d8

Nonce

82,027

Timestamp

12/10/2013, 3:38:55 PM

Confirmations

6,490,520

Merkle Root

f4b095c3b5e5d1c49e2ac4b2067135148d8e7e8f1c6a349d60a189429a62be3e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.191 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
21917547701220295794…58564570743215011599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.191 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
21917547701220295794…58564570743215011599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.191 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
21917547701220295794…58564570743215011601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.383 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
43835095402440591589…17129141486430023199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.383 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
43835095402440591589…17129141486430023201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.767 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
87670190804881183179…34258282972860046399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.767 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
87670190804881183179…34258282972860046401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.753 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17534038160976236635…68516565945720092799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.753 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17534038160976236635…68516565945720092801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.506 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
35068076321952473271…37033131891440185599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.506 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
35068076321952473271…37033131891440185601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,599,607 XPM·at block #6,794,445 · updates every 60s
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