Block #3,038,852

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/4/2019, 7:23:02 PM · Difficulty 11.0145 · 3,778,926 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bad81bcc35064fa9f6811faa6ca551c99acc57eb74f736b92570ab65f9da028a

Height

#3,038,852

Difficulty

11.014521

Transactions

3

Size

1.22 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b03b7a1

Nonce

54,358,893

Timestamp

2/4/2019, 7:23:02 PM

Confirmations

3,778,926

Merkle Root

13772f08176957f2c65e18eccdfbd54fd1cc7b04f47da8723115ec1c7e909ef9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.125 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
91256025376969365162…95416446037604633601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.125 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
91256025376969365162…95416446037604633601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.825 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18251205075393873032…90832892075209267201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.650 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36502410150787746064…81665784150418534401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.300 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
73004820301575492129…63331568300837068801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.460 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14600964060315098425…26663136601674137601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.920 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
29201928120630196851…53326273203348275201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.840 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
58403856241260393703…06652546406696550401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.168 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11680771248252078740…13305092813393100801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.336 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23361542496504157481…26610185626786201601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.672 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46723084993008314962…53220371253572403201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
9.344 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
93446169986016629925…06440742507144806401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,786,282 XPM·at block #6,817,777 · updates every 60s
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