Block #303,475

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/10/2013, 9:45:49 AM · Difficulty 9.9930 · 6,510,882 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1020a7d550fd2ddfa1fc7a8d53423eef2fd0e0cc52dd9903c6c43b738fc51a0f

Height

#303,475

Difficulty

9.993030

Transactions

9

Size

2.10 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe3735

Nonce

254,319

Timestamp

12/10/2013, 9:45:49 AM

Confirmations

6,510,882

Merkle Root

09ff2d2a8610416f007e737419eccbacabbcd3b4c6bb65b1a1c6b72b2861080e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.865 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
38650759080033613033…98509105397587517441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.865 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
38650759080033613033…98509105397587517441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.730 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
77301518160067226067…97018210795175034881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.546 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15460303632013445213…94036421590350069761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.092 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30920607264026890426…88072843180700139521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.184 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61841214528053780853…76145686361400279041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.236 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12368242905610756170…52291372722800558081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.473 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24736485811221512341…04582745445601116161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.947 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
49472971622443024683…09165490891202232321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.894 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
98945943244886049366…18330981782404464641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,758,922 XPM·at block #6,814,356 · updates every 60s
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