Block #302,505

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/9/2013, 8:19:36 PM · Difficulty 9.9927 · 6,505,555 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
28019cad95b74a66422d6e4fb38d47b6d4cb4a7d62788a58438da21607f8917a

Height

#302,505

Difficulty

9.992735

Transactions

1

Size

1.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe23e4

Nonce

23,272

Timestamp

12/9/2013, 8:19:36 PM

Confirmations

6,505,555

Merkle Root

b4447ac5c511b61963f148b0d797ed754f58b6d3024d524498005b2f7d4e2e8f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.780 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
17807289895024894303…92755146508289818581
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.780 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
17807289895024894303…92755146508289818581
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.561 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
35614579790049788607…85510293016579637161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.122 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
71229159580099577214…71020586033159274321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.424 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14245831916019915442…42041172066318548641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.849 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
28491663832039830885…84082344132637097281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.698 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
56983327664079661771…68164688265274194561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.139 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11396665532815932354…36329376530548389121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.279 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
22793331065631864708…72658753061096778241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.558 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
45586662131263729417…45317506122193556481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,708,524 XPM·at block #6,808,059 · updates every 60s
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