Block #302,161

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/9/2013, 3:57:16 PM · Difficulty 9.9926 · 6,493,501 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9c7bbc987534c903d970b34b9be11193b5d29bdee776633447dccde7839d9e6c

Height

#302,161

Difficulty

9.992636

Transactions

20

Size

5.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe1d61

Nonce

258,229

Timestamp

12/9/2013, 3:57:16 PM

Confirmations

6,493,501

Merkle Root

c9218f1fe085c99011bbfcee68ab3d17d0cf3d3d0ffe937e558661b666ae9ec2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.050 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
30500223828855799195…70424043936838636001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.050 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
30500223828855799195…70424043936838636001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.100 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
61000447657711598390…40848087873677272001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.220 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12200089531542319678…81696175747354544001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.440 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
24400179063084639356…63392351494709088001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.880 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
48800358126169278712…26784702989418176001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.760 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
97600716252338557424…53569405978836352001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.952 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19520143250467711484…07138811957672704001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.904 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39040286500935422969…14277623915345408001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.808 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78080573001870845939…28555247830690816001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,609,368 XPM·at block #6,795,661 · updates every 60s
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