Block #3,006,534

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/12/2019, 3:16:12 PM · Difficulty 11.1981 · 3,835,976 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
9d95f243c0b26fc4cbdd2d27fe2ac1701030b5231e07215e5a6dbd714b98cff0

Height

#3,006,534

Difficulty

11.198124

Transactions

24

Size

6.49 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b32b846

Nonce

1,541,201,648

Timestamp

1/12/2019, 3:16:12 PM

Confirmations

3,835,976

Merkle Root

468d09c1ffe137dc2b5ed44eae1a2188c8dbff9c88962691e888d12d78af162d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.463 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74637497128846651461…26732509296624148479
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.463 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74637497128846651461…26732509296624148479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.463 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74637497128846651461…26732509296624148481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.492 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14927499425769330292…53465018593248296959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.492 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14927499425769330292…53465018593248296961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.985 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29854998851538660584…06930037186496593919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.985 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29854998851538660584…06930037186496593921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.970 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59709997703077321169…13860074372993187839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.970 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59709997703077321169…13860074372993187841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.194 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11941999540615464233…27720148745986375679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.194 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11941999540615464233…27720148745986375681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.388 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23883999081230928467…55440297491972751359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,984,499 XPM·at block #6,842,509 · updates every 60s
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