Block #299,556

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/8/2013, 1:09:04 AM · Difficulty 9.9921 · 6,503,917 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
de9b8034ced2294e6fefd8264e1bff77cf48a161c7eff7a4c145e80a4df6892f

Height

#299,556

Difficulty

9.992139

Transactions

8

Size

14.61 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdfcca

Nonce

266,244

Timestamp

12/8/2013, 1:09:04 AM

Confirmations

6,503,917

Merkle Root

b879ad3beb1fb4ccd43b433b01291317b100e662e563f0a8da45b63dc48ccb08
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.042 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
80422174228387115459…35977621884797568001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.042 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
80422174228387115459…35977621884797568001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.608 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16084434845677423091…71955243769595136001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.216 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
32168869691354846183…43910487539190272001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.433 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
64337739382709692367…87820975078380544001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.286 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12867547876541938473…75641950156761088001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.573 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
25735095753083876947…51283900313522176001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.147 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51470191506167753894…02567800627044352001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.029 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10294038301233550778…05135601254088704001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.058 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20588076602467101557…10271202508177408001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.117 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
41176153204934203115…20542405016354816001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,671,812 XPM·at block #6,803,472 · updates every 60s
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