Block #298,874

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2013, 2:35:44 PM · Difficulty 9.9920 · 6,526,442 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3a4553070778e71ba0f56e87d7c0a36d197368f9a2952ab55d73eea674e26bed

Height

#298,874

Difficulty

9.992036

Transactions

10

Size

6.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdf60d

Nonce

16,418

Timestamp

12/7/2013, 2:35:44 PM

Confirmations

6,526,442

Merkle Root

aa0297c18cfdcf7e9e9dcf2c3cebf170232ec3c8d0a46e706dbe06d15a2b8194
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.616 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36161598817489132055…30910877619198832099
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.616 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36161598817489132055…30910877619198832099
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.616 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36161598817489132055…30910877619198832101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.232 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
72323197634978264111…61821755238397664199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.232 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
72323197634978264111…61821755238397664201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.446 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14464639526995652822…23643510476795328399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.446 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14464639526995652822…23643510476795328401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.892 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28929279053991305644…47287020953590656799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.892 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28929279053991305644…47287020953590656801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.785 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
57858558107982611289…94574041907181313599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.785 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
57858558107982611289…94574041907181313601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,846,632 XPM·at block #6,825,315 · updates every 60s
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