Block #2,985,836

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/28/2018, 9:26:36 PM · Difficulty 11.2775 · 3,847,437 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
67e947e7e6f6cf73df718493453ef31079c41ff04dbc41e0b6a5cf30d2d70f4d

Height

#2,985,836

Difficulty

11.277492

Transactions

18

Size

5.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b4709b5

Nonce

1,315,280,806

Timestamp

12/28/2018, 9:26:36 PM

Confirmations

3,847,437

Merkle Root

523f7a021ade3140b35c0623eca535205567468fca75410dc4baf1a0f3bf29b5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.682 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
66821037795464784370…60364141041579322921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.682 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
66821037795464784370…60364141041579322921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.336 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13364207559092956874…20728282083158645841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.672 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
26728415118185913748…41456564166317291681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.345 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
53456830236371827496…82913128332634583361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.069 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10691366047274365499…65826256665269166721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.138 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21382732094548730998…31652513330538333441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.276 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42765464189097461997…63305026661076666881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.553 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85530928378194923994…26610053322153333761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.710 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17106185675638984798…53220106644306667521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.421 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34212371351277969597…06440213288613335041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
6.842 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68424742702555939195…12880426577226670081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,910,378 XPM·at block #6,833,272 · updates every 60s
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