Block #298,320

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2013, 6:27:32 AM · Difficulty 9.9919 · 6,493,488 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
836a0934d01d20ec3ea8d2c54078310885f5e5844128ebe3d538b4314d1d5dfe

Height

#298,320

Difficulty

9.991912

Transactions

8

Size

38.42 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdedf0

Nonce

107,410

Timestamp

12/7/2013, 6:27:32 AM

Confirmations

6,493,488

Merkle Root

8487c9f78b255e4d84e578ddb3ef4dbce69c3bce806572548f05bd769f2d1b37
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.765 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17654818279759891797…68177359437555653119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.765 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17654818279759891797…68177359437555653119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.765 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17654818279759891797…68177359437555653121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.530 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
35309636559519783594…36354718875111306239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.530 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
35309636559519783594…36354718875111306241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.061 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
70619273119039567188…72709437750222612479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.061 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
70619273119039567188…72709437750222612481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.412 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14123854623807913437…45418875500445224959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.412 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14123854623807913437…45418875500445224961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.824 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
28247709247615826875…90837751000890449919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,578,409 XPM·at block #6,791,807 · updates every 60s
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