Block #298,010

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2013, 12:50:04 AM · Difficulty 9.9919 · 6,497,665 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5e6b6655cb674703684800c4285550b3ddc3d6638c0c22fc7a07016560b56e76

Height

#298,010

Difficulty

9.991945

Transactions

9

Size

2.44 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdf014

Nonce

172,579

Timestamp

12/7/2013, 12:50:04 AM

Confirmations

6,497,665

Merkle Root

fd402488fc433b30040c833e6556d2c97750da485b6a357b0d8cb59bfd4f4f67
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.070 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30708379445992730310…59932053199573427199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.070 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30708379445992730310…59932053199573427199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.070 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30708379445992730310…59932053199573427201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.141 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61416758891985460621…19864106399146854399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.141 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61416758891985460621…19864106399146854401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.228 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12283351778397092124…39728212798293708799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.228 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12283351778397092124…39728212798293708801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.456 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24566703556794184248…79456425596587417599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.456 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24566703556794184248…79456425596587417601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.913 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49133407113588368497…58912851193174835199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.913 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49133407113588368497…58912851193174835201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,609,467 XPM·at block #6,795,674 · updates every 60s
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