Block #297,117

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/6/2013, 10:23:54 AM · Difficulty 9.9919 · 6,508,569 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
4ea7fde6fb3317a3ee3f1fe5dcc34ee817788adbeb4cd4c9ce306ddaeb65be94

Height

#297,117

Difficulty

9.991873

Transactions

16

Size

7.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdeb6a

Nonce

135,612

Timestamp

12/6/2013, 10:23:54 AM

Confirmations

6,508,569

Merkle Root

cc0721f82ed234970500f1c759988c1cb8b077c8fd8be05670fea5ee726afb2e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.634 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26343170614143190449…42647466319493710079
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.634 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26343170614143190449…42647466319493710079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.634 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26343170614143190449…42647466319493710081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.268 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
52686341228286380898…85294932638987420159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.268 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
52686341228286380898…85294932638987420161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.053 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10537268245657276179…70589865277974840319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.053 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10537268245657276179…70589865277974840321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.107 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21074536491314552359…41179730555949680639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.107 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21074536491314552359…41179730555949680641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.214 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42149072982629104719…82359461111899361279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,689,569 XPM·at block #6,805,685 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.