Block #296,971

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/6/2013, 8:17:59 AM · Difficulty 9.9918 · 6,512,145 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c05c11ffa5694a0c7d3ba89db2851ab393a0c3fab922bda1c559c70fdb04dd3e

Height

#296,971

Difficulty

9.991836

Transactions

22

Size

34.32 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fde8f5

Nonce

60,313

Timestamp

12/6/2013, 8:17:59 AM

Confirmations

6,512,145

Merkle Root

7d23eabe7fa8c1bc7a1b0be8344b624a97d3ef9e86e14cba464d47ca194d0b91
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.851 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
18519728779388156899…70926696601931273021
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.851 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
18519728779388156899…70926696601931273021
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.703 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
37039457558776313798…41853393203862546041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.407 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
74078915117552627596…83706786407725092081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.481 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
14815783023510525519…67413572815450184161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.963 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
29631566047021051038…34827145630900368321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.926 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
59263132094042102077…69654291261800736641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.185 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
11852626418808420415…39308582523601473281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.370 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
23705252837616840830…78617165047202946561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.741 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
47410505675233681661…57234330094405893121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,716,985 XPM·at block #6,809,115 · updates every 60s
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