Block #296,836

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/6/2013, 6:15:07 AM · Difficulty 9.9918 · 6,511,370 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
daf11cd34ee6e544d52b6a796995b4b9d03fa4f6f28e1c69899d01e7e4bfbed0

Height

#296,836

Difficulty

9.991816

Transactions

26

Size

6.85 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fde7a5

Nonce

538,497

Timestamp

12/6/2013, 6:15:07 AM

Confirmations

6,511,370

Merkle Root

dd7a78b4e782ba1f4cf1f16c463ebde44cfbc0f929da7360918ccadf53b8c7ab
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.843 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
88435232080717758172…52908464294777744219
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
8.843 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
88435232080717758172…52908464294777744219
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
8.843 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
88435232080717758172…52908464294777744221
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.768 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17687046416143551634…05816928589555488439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.768 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17687046416143551634…05816928589555488441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.537 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
35374092832287103268…11633857179110976879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.537 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
35374092832287103268…11633857179110976881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.074 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
70748185664574206537…23267714358221953759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.074 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
70748185664574206537…23267714358221953761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.414 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14149637132914841307…46535428716443907519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.414 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14149637132914841307…46535428716443907521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,709,700 XPM·at block #6,808,205 · updates every 60s
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