Block #295,316

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/5/2013, 9:13:38 AM · Difficulty 9.9913 · 6,500,347 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
28f155cd9b99cd95d07e56acb3f68f433d32597bb4532aec1fe3300785c9a076

Height

#295,316

Difficulty

9.991330

Transactions

3

Size

2.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdc7ce

Nonce

142,864

Timestamp

12/5/2013, 9:13:38 AM

Confirmations

6,500,347

Merkle Root

7d25f68f7aba04b6d6fa44ac4dbe51ed7875f413c1d36bba49756b9818ae98e1
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.235 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12354789033332724341…99301390502269845441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.235 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12354789033332724341…99301390502269845441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.470 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24709578066665448682…98602781004539690881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.941 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
49419156133330897364…97205562009079381761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.883 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
98838312266661794728…94411124018158763521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.976 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
19767662453332358945…88822248036317527041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.953 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
39535324906664717891…77644496072635054081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.907 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
79070649813329435782…55288992145270108161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.581 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15814129962665887156…10577984290540216321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.162 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
31628259925331774313…21155968581080432641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.325 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
63256519850663548626…42311937162160865281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,609,376 XPM·at block #6,795,662 · updates every 60s
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