Block #2,951,276

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/4/2018, 5:59:51 AM · Difficulty 11.3976 · 3,890,921 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c19a5247050a5e6fda2afc1b9721549a5c39f9f5639b29eb5c7258f2b8abdbea

Height

#2,951,276

Difficulty

11.397601

Transactions

30

Size

8.41 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b65c929

Nonce

258,022,880

Timestamp

12/4/2018, 5:59:51 AM

Confirmations

3,890,921

Merkle Root

3c43b13ddbb035f777c19ca13fcdfe66f60bf17f44d84ae377d88b5662c9cc16
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.280 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12804497018880114347…60629483850808596481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.280 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12804497018880114347…60629483850808596481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.560 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
25608994037760228695…21258967701617192961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.121 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51217988075520457391…42517935403234385921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10243597615104091478…85035870806468771841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20487195230208182956…70071741612937543681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.097 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40974390460416365913…40143483225875087361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.194 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81948780920832731827…80286966451750174721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.638 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16389756184166546365…60573932903500349441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.277 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32779512368333092730…21147865807000698881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.555 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
65559024736666185461…42295731614001397761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.311 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13111804947333237092…84591463228002795521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,981,970 XPM·at block #6,842,196 · updates every 60s
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