Block #294,912

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/5/2013, 3:47:28 AM · Difficulty 9.9912 · 6,516,867 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9f12da6302e3f0f33faaa9fce91a73a7009fc1873f2172e3c376f97f59495271

Height

#294,912

Difficulty

9.991178

Transactions

1

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdbdd6

Nonce

109,511

Timestamp

12/5/2013, 3:47:28 AM

Confirmations

6,516,867

Merkle Root

eb9ee739614a83436593ce058700223e1023d3c52e237c7d6fdc51aded227e86
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.332 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
23324234291985859883…56762451682116019081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.332 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
23324234291985859883…56762451682116019081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.664 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
46648468583971719766…13524903364232038161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.329 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
93296937167943439532…27049806728464076321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.865 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
18659387433588687906…54099613456928152641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.731 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
37318774867177375812…08199226913856305281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.463 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
74637549734354751625…16398453827712610561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.492 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14927509946870950325…32796907655425221121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.985 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
29855019893741900650…65593815310850442241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.971 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
59710039787483801300…31187630621700884481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,738,343 XPM·at block #6,811,778 · updates every 60s
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