Block #294,669

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/5/2013, 12:12:21 AM · Difficulty 9.9911 · 6,514,645 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
656a512f90d82f18399c3dc2539447761e5b319f081d42646473246c8c456985

Height

#294,669

Difficulty

9.991121

Transactions

1

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdba23

Nonce

91,270

Timestamp

12/5/2013, 12:12:21 AM

Confirmations

6,514,645

Merkle Root

52c572e95112e74ee717f9e86653f12d68acafbd6ade4dcba142be7a4f8b09ce
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.829 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28290462247365072518…47552687900326712321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.829 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28290462247365072518…47552687900326712321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.658 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56580924494730145036…95105375800653424641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11316184898946029007…90210751601306849281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.263 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22632369797892058014…80421503202613698561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.526 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
45264739595784116028…60843006405227397121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.052 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
90529479191568232057…21686012810454794241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.810 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18105895838313646411…43372025620909588481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.621 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36211791676627292823…86744051241819176961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.242 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72423583353254585646…73488102483638353921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,718,578 XPM·at block #6,809,313 · updates every 60s
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