Block #2,945,553

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/30/2018, 6:39:47 AM · Difficulty 11.3973 · 3,898,272 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
64ab0242a4e90ee44e739d4340801731eeed9bc2c07fc3c9e22a6cd2f1ecc781

Height

#2,945,553

Difficulty

11.397254

Transactions

3

Size

1.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b65b277

Nonce

1,141,141,096

Timestamp

11/30/2018, 6:39:47 AM

Confirmations

3,898,272

Merkle Root

6de4deab182527cccb9d1b2606fe8c0aa3763335361bea15af9f8f9d091c5f24
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.090 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
70906133462907302417…15499878689923433601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.090 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
70906133462907302417…15499878689923433601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.418 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14181226692581460483…30999757379846867201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.836 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28362453385162920967…61999514759693734401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.672 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56724906770325841934…23999029519387468801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.134 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11344981354065168386…47998059038774937601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.268 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22689962708130336773…95996118077549875201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.537 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45379925416260673547…91992236155099750401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.075 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90759850832521347094…83984472310199500801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.815 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18151970166504269418…67968944620399001601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.630 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36303940333008538837…35937889240798003201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
7.260 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72607880666017077675…71875778481596006401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,994,975 XPM·at block #6,843,824 · updates every 60s
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