Block #294,033

TWNLength 9ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†

Bi-Twin Chain Ā· Discovered 12/4/2013, 3:50:34 PM Ā· Difficulty 9.9909 Ā· 6,530,776 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
9ecce7726441ffa75ecb0b0f10d132fb67425e7c26db3cd0895def65cffc128b

Height

#294,033

Difficulty

9.990862

Transactions

2

Size

1.30 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fda921

Nonce

13,719

Timestamp

12/4/2013, 3:50:34 PM

Confirmations

6,530,776

Mined by

Merkle Root

4549411a51c5f9de4c713e0ad83db3424cd2e3061b34eddc3c42198b10ab734f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.708 Ɨ 10⁹⁓(95-digit number)
27089330577026673041…74894474801116467199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 | Upper: 2^k Ɨ origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin āˆ’ 1
2.708 Ɨ 10⁹⁓(95-digit number)
27089330577026673041…74894474801116467199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.708 Ɨ 10⁹⁓(95-digit number)
27089330577026673041…74894474801116467201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 āˆ’ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
5.417 Ɨ 10⁹⁓(95-digit number)
54178661154053346082…49788949602232934399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 Ɨ origin + 1
5.417 Ɨ 10⁹⁓(95-digit number)
54178661154053346082…49788949602232934401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
1.083 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10835732230810669216…99577899204465868799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 Ɨ origin + 1
1.083 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10835732230810669216…99577899204465868801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
2.167 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21671464461621338433…99155798408931737599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 Ɨ origin + 1
2.167 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21671464461621338433…99155798408931737601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
4.334 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43342928923242676866…98311596817863475199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 Ɨ 3 Ɨ 5 Ɨ 7 Ɨ …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime Ɨ Primorial (2Ā·3Ā·5Ā·7Ā·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial āˆ’ 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,842,548 XPMĀ·at block #6,824,808 Ā· updates every 60s
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