Block #2,932,392

1CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 11/21/2018, 3:03:15 AM · Difficulty 11.3987 · 3,910,422 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
484be72e46be09c503512b9eb7a55de9b252fe3628eed0057374a815934997a6

Height

#2,932,392

Difficulty

11.398674

Transactions

7

Size

2.44 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b660f7f

Nonce

564,860,092

Timestamp

11/21/2018, 3:03:15 AM

Confirmations

3,910,422

Merkle Root

55c6a2103aa493f0c1c153bb0099495874374bdb93766e811796f2dade9a4e67
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.338 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83389725504603995069…65841063796583848959
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
8.338 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83389725504603995069…65841063796583848959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.667 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16677945100920799013…31682127593167697919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.335 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33355890201841598027…63364255186335395839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
6.671 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66711780403683196055…26728510372670791679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.334 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13342356080736639211…53457020745341583359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.668 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26684712161473278422…06914041490683166719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
5.336 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53369424322946556844…13828082981366333439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.067 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10673884864589311368…27656165962732666879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.134 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21347769729178622737…55312331925465333759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
4.269 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42695539458357245475…10624663850930667519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
8.539 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
85391078916714490951…21249327701861335039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
12
2^11 × origin − 1
1.707 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17078215783342898190…42498655403722670079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,986,852 XPM·at block #6,842,813 · updates every 60s
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