Block #293,200

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/4/2013, 4:29:53 AM · Difficulty 9.9906 · 6,508,613 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f65b5dd008a45f0a813f6d30f60ad0398805639e3ce86e9a4f9a6fea4c9761cf

Height

#293,200

Difficulty

9.990553

Transactions

10

Size

14.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd94e1

Nonce

63,010

Timestamp

12/4/2013, 4:29:53 AM

Confirmations

6,508,613

Merkle Root

472b88d2dc87b74400ac41a63b84af6d85bec73010a03af3c788df54a3988a85
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.773 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17738387903008644062…93849134621942653441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.773 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17738387903008644062…93849134621942653441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.547 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35476775806017288125…87698269243885306881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.095 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70953551612034576250…75396538487770613761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.419 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14190710322406915250…50793076975541227521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.838 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28381420644813830500…01586153951082455041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.676 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56762841289627661000…03172307902164910081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.135 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11352568257925532200…06344615804329820161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.270 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22705136515851064400…12689231608659640321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.541 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
45410273031702128800…25378463217319280641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,658,596 XPM·at block #6,801,812 · updates every 60s
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