Block #292,857

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/3/2013, 11:51:16 PM · Difficulty 9.9904 · 6,549,957 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5704547014521c832e0f5ef80a54b852e90853d0bef064c8451395ba7b82d32b

Height

#292,857

Difficulty

9.990420

Transactions

4

Size

2.25 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd8c2b

Nonce

149,584

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 11:51:16 PM

Confirmations

6,549,957

Merkle Root

471ec1d7301352455915339d9b9a26c8fdbd8bf6eadb757dbd0edb1e6c83cbb7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.488 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64884422603518584834…84776329496168704001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.488 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64884422603518584834…84776329496168704001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.297 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12976884520703716966…69552658992337408001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.595 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25953769041407433933…39105317984674816001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.190 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51907538082814867867…78210635969349632001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.038 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10381507616562973573…56421271938699264001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.076 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20763015233125947147…12842543877398528001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.152 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
41526030466251894294…25685087754797056001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.305 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
83052060932503788588…51370175509594112001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.661 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16610412186500757717…02740351019188224001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,986,852 XPM·at block #6,842,813 · updates every 60s
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