Block #2,927,783

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/18/2018, 2:23:40 AM · Difficulty 11.3676 · 3,908,846 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f86afcfd64b3c69fea6612a47225478dfcf441a9a9ec8dae10f1c291ac4e9593

Height

#2,927,783

Difficulty

11.367646

Transactions

8

Size

2.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b5e1e06

Nonce

688,484,018

Timestamp

11/18/2018, 2:23:40 AM

Confirmations

3,908,846

Merkle Root

3072f19458a22125e67d73ec88f8f9f5be0bdd0b383eb4d1df85e22324707be4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.770 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
37706388704958036741…69825581024793295119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.770 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
37706388704958036741…69825581024793295119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.770 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
37706388704958036741…69825581024793295121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.541 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
75412777409916073482…39651162049586590239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.541 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
75412777409916073482…39651162049586590241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.508 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15082555481983214696…79302324099173180479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.508 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15082555481983214696…79302324099173180481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.016 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30165110963966429392…58604648198346360959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.016 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30165110963966429392…58604648198346360961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.033 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
60330221927932858785…17209296396692721919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.033 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
60330221927932858785…17209296396692721921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.206 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12066044385586571757…34418592793385443839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,937,304 XPM·at block #6,836,628 · updates every 60s
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