Block #292,776

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/3/2013, 10:35:13 PM · Difficulty 9.9904 · 6,513,074 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6a7d9d55fb57f93e4750a8c3febc69d56b36c570117455644ed5f7c34760f392

Height

#292,776

Difficulty

9.990408

Transactions

10

Size

4.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd8b69

Nonce

78,183

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 10:35:13 PM

Confirmations

6,513,074

Merkle Root

8576b96ec96c7f430d448602d4f37ee3b03b7c4ce666831bd5bae4b90db0a6d0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.705 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
67052360998233279557…20086809533220415999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.705 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
67052360998233279557…20086809533220415999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.705 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
67052360998233279557…20086809533220416001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.341 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13410472199646655911…40173619066440831999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.341 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13410472199646655911…40173619066440832001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.682 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
26820944399293311822…80347238132881663999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.682 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
26820944399293311822…80347238132881664001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.364 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
53641888798586623645…60694476265763327999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.364 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
53641888798586623645…60694476265763328001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.072 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10728377759717324729…21388952531526655999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.072 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10728377759717324729…21388952531526656001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,690,880 XPM·at block #6,805,849 · updates every 60s
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