Block #292,726

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/3/2013, 9:54:58 PM · Difficulty 9.9904 · 6,521,217 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
991e275594d92d32198fb1563e4eaa8f932e70debb17902761a0be1fcfd10702

Height

#292,726

Difficulty

9.990387

Transactions

6

Size

2.85 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd8a03

Nonce

96,273

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 9:54:58 PM

Confirmations

6,521,217

Merkle Root

82c89102dd3701711fbc27b2bc496d9146f43c4b30ac63aea27d145f88925fb9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.779 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
47790668928738438826…34966208512823139199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.779 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
47790668928738438826…34966208512823139199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.779 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
47790668928738438826…34966208512823139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.558 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
95581337857476877652…69932417025646278399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.558 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
95581337857476877652…69932417025646278401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.911 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
19116267571495375530…39864834051292556799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.911 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
19116267571495375530…39864834051292556801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.823 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
38232535142990751060…79729668102585113599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.823 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
38232535142990751060…79729668102585113601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.646 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
76465070285981502121…59459336205170227199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,755,621 XPM·at block #6,813,942 · updates every 60s
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