Block #2,924,901

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/16/2018, 3:54:14 AM · Difficulty 11.3560 · 3,918,361 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
fab5d0091e1c646a169c43b6633a922df09adcc4fec5a035155f67ff6b4b54ce

Height

#2,924,901

Difficulty

11.356006

Transactions

15

Size

73.92 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b5b232f

Nonce

1,239,869,176

Timestamp

11/16/2018, 3:54:14 AM

Confirmations

3,918,361

Merkle Root

0d70e8def5ed70111bf28132d201f761a169216e5e0d9736ba9741dc0f7909d7
Transactions (15)
1 in → 1 out8.5800 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out233.0629 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out235.6556 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out220.9787 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out229.3627 XPM7.28 KB
50 in → 1 out213.4257 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.448 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34481623388007085192…23243964507976253439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.448 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34481623388007085192…23243964507976253439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.448 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34481623388007085192…23243964507976253441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.896 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68963246776014170384…46487929015952506879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.896 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68963246776014170384…46487929015952506881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.379 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13792649355202834076…92975858031905013759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.379 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13792649355202834076…92975858031905013761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.758 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27585298710405668153…85951716063810027519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.758 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27585298710405668153…85951716063810027521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.517 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
55170597420811336307…71903432127620055039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.517 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
55170597420811336307…71903432127620055041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.103 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11034119484162267261…43806864255240110079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,990,469 XPM·at block #6,843,261 · updates every 60s
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