Block #291,647

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/3/2013, 7:21:42 AM · Difficulty 9.9900 · 6,500,057 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f398891d76dd13385bb125b19521615510b9218b4228db38ce1e3de995e365c0

Height

#291,647

Difficulty

9.989954

Transactions

10

Size

2.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd6da1

Nonce

75,733

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 7:21:42 AM

Confirmations

6,500,057

Merkle Root

9e0d4556c574262ed0304e3777405e38ede1e1f4482b142d76758615040e26e1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.702 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
27020791038538805468…82703738581026152961
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.702 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
27020791038538805468…82703738581026152961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.404 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
54041582077077610937…65407477162052305921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.080 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10808316415415522187…30814954324104611841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.161 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
21616632830831044374…61629908648209223681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.323 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
43233265661662088749…23259817296418447361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.646 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
86466531323324177499…46519634592836894721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.729 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17293306264664835499…93039269185673789441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.458 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
34586612529329670999…86078538371347578881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.917 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
69173225058659341999…72157076742695157761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13834645011731868399…44314153485390315521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,577,583 XPM·at block #6,791,703 · updates every 60s
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