Block #291,240

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/3/2013, 2:04:08 AM · Difficulty 9.9898 · 6,518,382 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3627887c528af61cc19bbc56a378beb70122df2c010e564264365640e270573f

Height

#291,240

Difficulty

9.989757

Transactions

11

Size

96.45 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd60be

Nonce

19,441

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 2:04:08 AM

Confirmations

6,518,382

Merkle Root

5f004c7f24d8fc4ae5da083227d7099fcaab2fe8db57c74fce75956a40462e42
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.181 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
41817137853559768482…41939294061037156561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.181 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
41817137853559768482…41939294061037156561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.363 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
83634275707119536964…83878588122074313121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.672 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16726855141423907392…67757176244148626241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.345 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
33453710282847814785…35514352488297252481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.690 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
66907420565695629571…71028704976594504961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.338 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13381484113139125914…42057409953189009921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.676 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26762968226278251828…84114819906378019841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.352 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53525936452556503656…68229639812756039681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.070 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10705187290511300731…36459279625512079361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.141 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21410374581022601462…72918559251024158721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,721,054 XPM·at block #6,809,621 · updates every 60s
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